The purpose of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of a clinical and genetic model for predicting the development of preeclampsia. Materials and methods. A case-control study (continuous blind sampling method) was conducted among pregnant women who were delivered in the obstetric hospital of the Clinic of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in Chelyabinsk (sample size 100 people). The family and personal anamnesis of women, the peculiarities of the course of pregnancy and the outcomes of childbirth were studied. Anamnestic risk factors for preeclampsia, screening results at 11-13,6 weeks, measures to prevent the development of preeclampsia, and a molecular genetic study was performed. The data obtained were included in the computer program developed by us to calculate the individual risks of developing preeclampsia. Results and conclusions. To date, the search for sensitive and specific biomarkers predicting the development of preeclampsia is extremely important for identifying a high-risk group for this pathology. High sensitivity (86.7%), but rather low specificity (50.9%) was revealed when predicting the anamnestic model of preeclampsia (moderate/severe), however, when using the clinical and genetic prognosis model, its higher sensitivity (96.6%) and specificity (70%) were noted. In the clinical and genetic model of the prognosis of severe preeclampsia in patients without a history, the sensitivity was 75%, while the specificity of the model reached 100%. The use of available clinical and genetic models for predicting the development of preeclampsia is promising, and the data obtained are crucial for the prevention of preeclampsia and related complications.

Introduction. In recent years an active search is conducted for clinical and laboratory markers (phenotypes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), capable of predicting its effectiveness at the initiation of methotrexate (MT) therapy, allowing practitioners to determine the tactics of starting drug selection. Objective: to determine clinical and laboratory predictors of different response to methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and methods. The study group consisted of 294 patients with a reliable diagnosis of RA. All patients received MT in the dosage from 10 to 25 mg per week as a first-line baseline drug. After 6 months, according to the dynamics of DAS28 index (Disease Activity Score), the efficacy of treatment was evaluated and "responders" and "non-responders" groups were distinguished. Then the following clinical and laboratory data were processed: gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, immunological parameters (RF - rheumatoid factor, ADCP - antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide), age of disease onset, activity on the DAS28 index, impaired vital signs on the HAQ (Health Assessment Questionnaire), systemic manifestations and adverse events. The relationship between methotrexate response and clinical and laboratory markers was assessed using two methods of statistical data processing: Nonlinear Principal Component Analysis (NLPCA) and group comparison using Pearson's χ2 criterion. Results. The NLPCA method highlighted the 1st principal component explaining the strong clinical relationship of MT effectiveness from baseline DAS28 and HAQ values (loadings for all three components were greater than 0.7). That is, patients with high DAS and HAQ indices may respond worse to MT monotherapy. The method of group comparison using Pearson's χ2 criterion allowed to confirm the above conclusion: Nonresponders had DAS28 significantly greater than 5.1 and HAQ in the range of 2.1-3.0 (p0.05, 95%CI included 1. Conclusions. The ineffectiveness of MT is significantly associated with the early onset of RA (before 40 years), high inflammatory activity of the disease, significant impairment of vital functions and excess body weight, regardless of gender and immunological markers (RF and ACCP). Smoking and systemic manifestations also have a negative impact on therapy at the probability level. The development of any side effects during treatment is a strong predictor of MT failure. The onset of the disease in middle age (40-60 years), moderate and low activity according to DAS28, minor functional impairments are clinical markers of the effectiveness of MT.

Subject. Indicators of dental morbidity in the population, especially in childhood, are significant both in individual subjects and in the Russian Federation as a whole. The data of the conducted regional population surveys to reveal the prevalence and intensity of dental diseases in the population allow to further develop communal prevention programs, to plan the volumes of medical stomatological aid to the child population, to evaluate comprehensively, relying on a large amount of the obtained data, the quality of the organization of stomatological aid in the region. Objective. To analyze the dental morbidity of children of age groups 3, 6, 12, 15 years old on the basis of data obtained during the epidemiological survey of the child population of Chelyabinsk in 2022 under the program of the National Medical Research Center of the A. I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of Russia as part of the collection and analysis of information on the level of organization of medical care in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, including the formation of forecast values of the achievement of indicators and the results of regional projects in the course of their implementation. Methodology. An epidemiological survey according to the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO) was conducted. The WHO Map (2013) was used to determine the prevalence and intensity of dental diseases in children in Chelyabinsk. Children participated in the examination on the basis of informed voluntary consent for medical intervention given by parents or other legal representatives. The obtained data were processed in Microsoft Excel program. Results. Prevalence rates of caries of temporary teeth in children 3 years old 47%, in children 6 years old 76.25% with caries intensity of 1.56 and 4.1 respectively. The prevalence of caries of permanent teeth in children 6 years - 16%, in children 12 years - 78,25%, in children 15 years - 94% with caries intensity 0,24, 2,81 and 5,1 respectively. Signs of periodontal disease were detected in 34% of 12-year-old children and 48% of 15-yearold children. Conclusions. Dental caries and periodontal diseases are common dental diseases among the pediatric population of Chelyabinsk. There is a tendency to increase with age the prevalence and intensity of dental diseases. Non-carious lesions of hard tissues of teeth, as well as lesions of oral mucosa in the pediatric population during dental examination were taken into account, but amounted to less than 1%. 

One of the modern directions in the development of medicine and science is currently the study and development of technologies aimed at improving the quality of life of patients and satisfaction with medical care. At the same time, the level of quality of life in patients with malignant neoplasms of the prostate against the backdrop of increasing morbidity (detection) is one of the leading areas for assessing the performance of the healthcare system at the local and regional level. Particular attention is paid to radical treatment methods, which in a certain clinical situation have equally high rates of long-term relapse-free and overall survival, such as surgical and radiation treatment. In this connection, this work is highly relevant and reflects the level of satisfaction, as well as the quality of life of patients over the entire observation period. The purpose of the study is to assess the personal characteristics, quality of life and worldview in patients with malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland after surgical treatment. Material and methods. Object of study: medical history data of 92 patients with prostate cancer after surgical treatment. Inclusion criteria: histologically verified prostate cancer, non-advanced stages of the tumor process, absence of significant concomitant diseases, completion of the main stage of radical therapy. Results and conclusions. A list of psychological predictors associated with a favorable or unfavorable course of the disease in patients with prostate cancer was obtained. These psychological characteristics can characterize the rehabilitation potential, being associated with the possibilities of recovery after antitumor treatment. A favorable course of prostate cancer compared to an unfavorable one is associated with a pronounced motivational component of independence, reduced internality in the field of professional activity and confrontation and/or avoidance, as well as an optimally realistic picture of the world, including a low level of control beliefs, high involvement and a low level of optimism. 

Objective. To describe contemporary concepts of prevention and treatment of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding in liver cirrhosis patients according to the Baveno VII consensus conference recommendations. Key points. In the absence of clinically significant portal hypertension, etiological and non-aetiological therapies of liver cirrhosis is advisable for the primary prevention of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding, whereas its presence serves as an indication for the administration of non-selective β-blockers, among which carvedilol is the drug of choice. Non-selective β-blockers, as well as endoscopic variceal ligation and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt can be used to prevent recurrence of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding. Pharmacotherapy with vasoactive drugs (terlipressin, somatostatin, octreotide), endoscopic variceal ligation, endovascular techniques and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt are recommended for the treatment of acute gastroesophageal variceal bleeding. Conclusions. Objective and accurate stratification of the risk of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding will allow to develop individual strategies for their prevention and treatment, which will improve the prognosis and survival of liver cirrhosis patients.

Purpose of the work: to demonstrate the features of teaching the academic discipline “Pathogenetic bases of dental diseases” at the Faculty of Dentistry at the Department of Pathophysiology of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education South Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia using a pathophysiological experiment and the use of modern educational technologies. The goal of the variable discipline “Pathogenetic basis of dental diseases” in the specialty is the formation and consolidation of students’ ideas about the causes and conditions of the occurrence and spread of dental diseases. To ensure clarity and increase the effectiveness of the educational process, employees of the Department of Pathophysiology of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education South Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia use modern educational technologies and pathophysiological experiments in lectures and practical classes for students at the Faculty of Dentistry. Conclusion. The development and application of the work program of the variable discipline “Pathogenetic basis of dental diseases” allows us to deepen and consolidate knowledge of pathophysiology. The use of modern educational technologies, such as multimedia presentations, interactive whiteboards, and pathophysiological experiments, makes it possible to clearly demonstrate manifestations in the oral cavity in various diseases. This increases the visibility of the discipline and allows students, during subsequent study of clinical disciplines, to apply the acquired knowledge on etiology and pathogenesis for the correct diagnosis of diseases, preventive measures and treatment.