Перспективы и ограничения ультразвуковой диагностики врожденных пороков развития плода в первом триместре беременности. Обзор

Введение. В статье подчеркивается роль ультразвукового исследования (УЗИ) в раннем выявлении врожденных пороков развития (ВПР), особенно важных для здоровья и жизни будущего ребенка. Акцент делается на значении скрининга в первом триместре беременности для определения серьезных аномалий, таких как врожденные пороки сердца (ВПС).

Цель. Осветить текущее состояние и будущие перспективы использования УЗИ в первом триместре для диагностики ВПР, подчеркнув важность этого подхода для улучшения исходов беременности и здоровья новорожденных.

Материалы и методы. Поиск литературы был выполнен в базах данных PubMed, Scopus и Web of Science. Обзор охватывает ретроспективные и проспективные исследования, опубликованные в медицинских журналах, с акцентом на чувствительность и специфичность УЗИ.

Результаты и обсуждение. Представлены результаты анализа данных о чувствительности и специфичности УЗИ в различных исследованиях, а также обсуждается влияние квалификации специалистов и качества оборудования на точность диагностики. Рассматриваются технические возможности и ограничения УЗИ, а также перспективы развития методик пренатального скрининга.

Заключение. УЗИ в первом триместре представляет собой важный инструмент для раннего выявления ВПР. Необходимо дальнейшее совершенствование методов УЗИ, обучение специалистов и стандартизация протоколов исследования для улучшения эффективности скрининга.

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